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Severe obesity is a chronic disease associated with medical and psychosocial comorbidity causing disability and poor quality of life that represents a social and economic burden for the National Health Systems worldwide. The Italian Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (SIMFER), the Italian Society of Obesity (SIO) and the Italian Society of Eating Disorders (SISDCA) have joined in a panel...
Purpose This pilot study sought to determine how meal consumption impacts affective states for treatment-seeking individuals with eating disorders (ED). Methods Participants with heterogeneous ED diagnoses completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and Profile of Mood States measures before and immediately after meal consumption. Results Meal consumption...
Obesity is the result of a complex interplay among several factors leading to medical, functional and psychosocial consequences that markedly reduce life expectancy and impair quality of life. Is obesity itself a disease? Is obesity a brain disease? Who should treat obesity? This paper is a narrative review aimed to describe and to argue the prevalent position of some major Italian scientific and...
Chewing and spitting (CS) out food is a relatively understudied eating disorder behavior. The aim of this study was to examine lifetime and current frequencies of CS across eating disorder diagnostic groups and to compare the severity of eating disorder symptomatology between participants who did and did not endorse CS. A total of 972 individuals presenting for outpatient eating disorder treatment...
Street food (SF) is defined as out-of-home food consumption, and generally consists of energy-dense meals rich in saturated fats and poor in fibers, vitamins and antioxidants. Though SF consumption may have unfavorable metabolic and cardiovascular effects, its possible association with atherosclerosis has not been considered. The association between habitual SF consumption and asymptomatic carotid...
This study aimed to provide data concerning the validity of a short sequence of face valid pictorial stimuli assessing the perception of body size in school-age children. A sequence of gender and age-appropriate silhouettes was administered to 314 boys and girls aged 6–14 years. The self-evaluations provided by the children correlated significantly with their actual BMI corrected for age. Furthermore,...
Aim The idea that iron deficiency anemia can be recognized in depressive patients has been around for a few years, as well as negative association between ferritin levels and depression. Iron deficiency anemia, associated with low iron intake, has been observed in women using restriction diets, for example in vegetarians or anorexics. There are no data on the influence of the short-term food restrictions,...
Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive technique with mild side effects. Some forms of obesity may arise from eating disorders and recent data suggest that rTMS treatment could have beneficial effects in eating disorders. Purpose The purpose of this comprehensive review is to hypothesize that rTMS may play a role in obesity. Materials and methods Articles...
Insulin resistance is a clinical condition shared by many diseases besides type 2 diabetes (T2DM) such as obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Experimental evidence, produced over the years, suggests that metformin has many benefits in the treatment of these diseases. Metformin is a first-line drug in the treatment of overweight and obese type 2...
Purpose Food cravings are common, more prevalent in the obese, and may differ in those who pursue surgical treatment for obesity. Food craving tools are most often validated in non-clinical, non-obese samples. Methods In this retrospective study, 227 bariatric surgery candidates at a large medical center completed the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait (FCQ-T). The aim was to explore the factor structure...
Purpose Previous research demonstrates a genetic and behavioural link between eating disorders and autism spectrum disorders, and a recent study (Coombs et al. in Br J Clin Psychol 50:326–338, 2011) extends this link to typical populations, showing a positive correlation between behaviours in typically developing children. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether this relationship continues...
Purpose Body adiposity index (BAI) is a novel index for the assessment of percentage fat mass (FM%). We tested the association between BAI and metabolic outcomes in overweight and obese women of different ages. Methods 260 young women (24.7 ± 5.3 years, 31.0 ± 5.0 kg/m2) and 328 older women (66.9 ± 4.6 years, 34.8 ± 4.7 kg/m2) were recruited. BAI was calculated using hip circumference and height...
The children with autism have feeding problems such as chewing, preference for the same food that often are responsible for the nutrient imbalance. In this study, we have analyzed the differences in food consumption (food frequency) and eating behavior (CEBI test) between children with autism and their typically developing peers. A statistically significant difference was observed between the two...
Purpose This study was designed to test the effects of different types of influence on the expression of stereotypes towards people who are obese. It was hypothesized that public social pressure would more significantly impact the expression of stereotypes towards obese people than other types of influence. Methods One-hundred fifty-eight undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of three...
Problematic eating behaviors, such as emotional eating, and food addiction, may affect weight; however, little is known about these eating behaviors, especially among those seeking bariatric surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of problematic eating behaviors and to investigate their relationship with other eating behaviors, body mass index (BMI), and psychiatric...
Objective Counseling interventions for parents with a daughter affected by an eating disorder (ED) may represent a useful and cost-effective tool to improve patients’ compliance to treatment and overall outcome. The present study evaluates the outcome of Adlerian Parental Counseling (APC) on individuals affected by ED and their parents. Methods We assessed 114 patients whose parents underwent APC...
Purpose This study investigated the relationships between pathological narcissism, alexithymia, and disordered eating attitudes among participants of pro‐anorexic online communities. Specifically, we explored the possible moderating role of alexithymia in the relationships between narcissistic vulnerability and disordered eating attitudes. Methods Participants included 97 Israeli female young adults...
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